ORIJINAL ARAŞTIRMA
Türkiye’de Tekerlekli Sandalye Kullanıcılarının Karşılaştıkları Sorunlar ve İlişkili Faktörler
Self-Reported Difficulties and Related Factors in Wheelchair Users in Turkey
Received Date : 10 Sep 2020
Accepted Date : 19 Oct 2020
Available Online : 18 Jan 2021
İlkay KARABAYa, Mehpare FIRATb, Hüma BÖLÜK ŞENLİKÇİc, Murat ERSÖZd,
Selami AKKUŞd
aClinic of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Gaziler Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, TURKEY
bClinic of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Etimesgut Şehit Sait Ertürk Government Hospital, Ankara, TURKEY
cDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, TURKEY
dDepartment of Physcial Medicine and Rehabilitation, Yıldırım Beyazıt University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, TURKEY
Doi: 10.31609/jpmrs.2020-78832 - Makale Dili: EN
J PMR Sci. 2021;24(1):52-9
ÖZET
Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, tekerlekli sandalye kullanıcılarının
yaşadıkları zorlukları ve etkileyen çevresel faktörleri, demografik
özellikler ve özürlülük ile birlikte ortaya koymaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler:
Çalışmaya, Ocak 2015-Ocak 2017 tarihleri arasında Türkiye
Ankara Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesinde,
rehabilitasyon programına alınan ve multipl skleroz,
spastik paraparezi, serebral palsi ve transvers miyelit tanıları nedeniyle
tekerlekli iskemle kullanan 92 hasta dâhil edilmiştir. Tüm
katılımcılara, Craig Handikap Değerlendirme ve Bildirme Teknik
Kısa Formu, Fonksiyonel Bağımsızlık Ölçeği ve Beck Depresyon
Ölçeği yüz yüze görüşmelerle uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Yaş, cinsiyet,
medeni durum ve sosyal destek varlığı; fonksiyonel bağımsızlık,
handikap ve depresyon skorlarıyla ilişkili bulunmamıştır. Tekerlekli
sandalye tipi, kullanma süresi, handikap skorları ile ilişkili
bulunmuştur. Evde zorluk yaşayanlar ile yaşamayanlar arasında
fonksiyonel bağımsızlık skorları açısından farklılık saptanmıştır.
Dışarıda tekerlekli iskemle kullanımı açısından ise zorluk yaşayan ve
zorluk yaşamayan gruplar arasında fonksiyonel bağımsızlık, depresyon
ve handikap skorları açısından farklılık saptanmıştır. Sonuç:
Hastaların yaşadıkları birçok zorluk, handikap ve fonksiyonel
bağımsızlık skorları ile ilişkilidir. Birçok hasta, yaşadıkları ortamda
mimari değişiklik gereksiniminden bahsetmişlerdir. Geleceğe yönelik
çabalar ile çevresel engeller ortadan kaldırılıp, tekerlekli sandalye
kullanıcılarının hayatı kolaylaştırılabilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Özürlülük; tekerlekli sandalye; handikap
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the difficulties experienced by
wheelchair users and to determine the relative impact of environmental
barriers compared with demographic data and disability. Material
and Methods: The study included 92 individuals who had received initial
rehabilitation between January 2015 and January 2017 at Ankara
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital,
Turkey for wheelchair use because of multiple sclerosis, spastic paraparesis,
cerebral palsy and transverse myelitis diagnoses. Face-to-face
interviews were conducted and the extent of the disability was measured
using the Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique-
Short Form, functional independence was assessed with the Functional
Independence Measurement and the Beck Depression Inventory was
completed by all participants. Results: Age, gender, marital status and
presence of social support did not seem to be associated with functional
independence, handicap and depression scores. The type of wheelchair
and duration of wheelchair use were found to be associated with
handicap scores. In the comparison of two groups who had difficulty at
home or not, a significant difference was determined in the functional
independence scores, and in wheelchair use outside the home, a significant
difference was determined between the groups in respect of functional
independence, depression and handicap scores. Conclusion:
Most of the difficulties experienced were related to handicap and functional
independence scores and the vast majority of the participants reported
that there was a need for architectural changes in the place where
they lived. Further efforts to eliminate environmental barriers will help
to make life easier for wheelchair users.
Keywords: Disability; wheelchair; handicap
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