ISSN: 1309 - 3843 E-ISSN: 1307 - 7384
FİZİKSEL TIP VE REHABİLİTASYON
BİLİMLERİ DERGİSİ
www.jpmrs.com
Kayıtlı İndexler


ORIJINAL ARAŞTIRMA

Türkiye’de Tekerlekli Sandalye Kullanıcılarının Karşılaştıkları Sorunlar ve İlişkili Faktörler
Self-Reported Difficulties and Related Factors in Wheelchair Users in Turkey
Received Date : 10 Sep 2020
Accepted Date : 19 Oct 2020
Available Online : 18 Jan 2021
Doi: 10.31609/jpmrs.2020-78832 - Makale Dili: EN
J PMR Sci. 2021;24(1):52-9
ÖZET
Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, tekerlekli sandalye kullanıcılarının yaşadıkları zorlukları ve etkileyen çevresel faktörleri, demografik özellikler ve özürlülük ile birlikte ortaya koymaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya, Ocak 2015-Ocak 2017 tarihleri arasında Türkiye Ankara Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesinde, rehabilitasyon programına alınan ve multipl skleroz, spastik paraparezi, serebral palsi ve transvers miyelit tanıları nedeniyle tekerlekli iskemle kullanan 92 hasta dâhil edilmiştir. Tüm katılımcılara, Craig Handikap Değerlendirme ve Bildirme Teknik Kısa Formu, Fonksiyonel Bağımsızlık Ölçeği ve Beck Depresyon Ölçeği yüz yüze görüşmelerle uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum ve sosyal destek varlığı; fonksiyonel bağımsızlık, handikap ve depresyon skorlarıyla ilişkili bulunmamıştır. Tekerlekli sandalye tipi, kullanma süresi, handikap skorları ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. Evde zorluk yaşayanlar ile yaşamayanlar arasında fonksiyonel bağımsızlık skorları açısından farklılık saptanmıştır. Dışarıda tekerlekli iskemle kullanımı açısından ise zorluk yaşayan ve zorluk yaşamayan gruplar arasında fonksiyonel bağımsızlık, depresyon ve handikap skorları açısından farklılık saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Hastaların yaşadıkları birçok zorluk, handikap ve fonksiyonel bağımsızlık skorları ile ilişkilidir. Birçok hasta, yaşadıkları ortamda mimari değişiklik gereksiniminden bahsetmişlerdir. Geleceğe yönelik çabalar ile çevresel engeller ortadan kaldırılıp, tekerlekli sandalye kullanıcılarının hayatı kolaylaştırılabilir.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the difficulties experienced by wheelchair users and to determine the relative impact of environmental barriers compared with demographic data and disability. Material and Methods: The study included 92 individuals who had received initial rehabilitation between January 2015 and January 2017 at Ankara Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital, Turkey for wheelchair use because of multiple sclerosis, spastic paraparesis, cerebral palsy and transverse myelitis diagnoses. Face-to-face interviews were conducted and the extent of the disability was measured using the Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique- Short Form, functional independence was assessed with the Functional Independence Measurement and the Beck Depression Inventory was completed by all participants. Results: Age, gender, marital status and presence of social support did not seem to be associated with functional independence, handicap and depression scores. The type of wheelchair and duration of wheelchair use were found to be associated with handicap scores. In the comparison of two groups who had difficulty at home or not, a significant difference was determined in the functional independence scores, and in wheelchair use outside the home, a significant difference was determined between the groups in respect of functional independence, depression and handicap scores. Conclusion: Most of the difficulties experienced were related to handicap and functional independence scores and the vast majority of the participants reported that there was a need for architectural changes in the place where they lived. Further efforts to eliminate environmental barriers will help to make life easier for wheelchair users.
REFERENCES
  1. Lemay V, Routhier F, Noreau L, Phang SH, Ginis KA. Relationships between wheelchair skills, wheelchair mobility and level of injury in individuals with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. 2012;50(1):37-41.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  2. Akyurek G, Bumin G, Crowe TK. The factors associated with community participation: employment and education of people with disabilities in Turkey. Scand J Occup Ther. 2020;27(1):28-38.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  3. Smith EM, Sakakibara BM, Miller WC. A review of factors influencing participation in social and community activities for wheelchair users. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol. 2016;11(5):361-74.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  4. Veneri D, Gannotti M, Bertucco M, Fournier Hillman SE. Using the international classification of functioning, disability, and health model to gain perspective of the benefits of yoga in stroke, multiple sclerosis, and children to ınform practice for children with cerebral palsy: a meta-analysis. J Altern Complement Med. 2018;24(5):439-457.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  5. D'Souza C, Paquet VL, Lenker JA, Steinfeld E. Self-reported difficulty and preferences of wheeled mobility device users for simulated low-floor bus boarding, interior circulation and disembarking. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol. 2019;14(2):109-21.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  6. Torkia C, Reid D, Korner-Bitensky N, Kairy D, Rushton PW, Demers L, et al. Power wheelchair driving challenges in the community: a users' perspective. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol. 2015;10(3):211-5.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  7. Küçükdeveci AA, Yavuzer G, Elhan AH, Sonel B, Tennant A. Adaptation of the Functional Independence Measure for use in Turkey. Clin Rehabil. 2001;15(3):311-9.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  8. Whiteneck GG, Charlifue SW, Gerhart KA, Overholser JD, Richardson GN. Quantifying handicap: a new measure of long-term rehabilitation outcomes. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1992;73(6):519-26.[PubMed] 
  9. Hisli N. [Reliability and validity of Beck Depression Inventory among university students]. J Turk Psychol. 1988;6(23):3-13.[Link] 
  10. Lauer EA, Houtenville AJ. Estimates of prevalence, demographic characteristics and social factors among people with disabilities in the USA: a cross-survey comparison. BMJ Open. 2018;8(2):e017828.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  11. Higashida M. The relationship between the community participation of disabled youth and socioeconomic factors: mixed-methods approach in rural Sri Lanka. Disability & Society. 2017;32(8):1239-62.[Crossref] 
  12. Yorkston KM, Bamer A, Johnson K, Amtmann D. Satisfaction with participation in multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury. Disabil Rehabil. 2012;34(9):747-53.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  13. Guillon B, Van-Hecke G, Iddir J, Pellegrini N, Beghoul N, Vaugier I, et al. Evaluation of 3 pushrim-activated power-assisted wheelchairs in patients with spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2015;96(5):894-904.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  14. Asheghan M, Hollisaz MT, Taheri T, Kazemi H, Aghda AK. The prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome among long-term manual wheelchair users with spinal cord injury: a cross-sectional study. J Spinal Cord Med. 2016;39(3): 265-71.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  15. Marchiori C, Bensmail D, Gagnon D, Pradon D. Manual wheelchair satisfaction among long-term users and caregivers: a French study. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2015;52(2):181-92.[Crossref] [PubMed]