ISSN: 1309 - 3843 E-ISSN: 1307 - 7384
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Sık Sorulan Sorularla Gebelikte Egzersiz
Exercise in Pregnancy via Frequently Asked Questions
Received Date : 08 Nov 2022
Accepted Date : 14 Jun 2023
Available Online : 16 Jun 2023
Doi: 10.31609/jpmrs.2022-94247 - Makale Dili: TR
J PMR Sci. 2023;26(3):342-7
ÖZET
Gebelik sürecinde kas-iskelet sistemi dâhil olmak üzere birçok sistemde çeşitli değişiklikler ve adaptasyon mekanizmaları gelişir. Bu adaptasyon döneminde birçok kas-iskelet problemi ve ağrı yakınması izlenebilir. Gebelikte uygun süre, şiddet ve türde yapılan egzersizin ise fizyolojik ve psikolojik açıdan çok sayıda olumlu etkisi bilinmektedir. Travmaya, denge problemine yol açmayan yürüyüş, sabit bisiklet sürüşü, yüzme gibi aerobik egzersizler önerilen egzersizlerden bazılarıdır. Gebeler egzersize yönlendirilmeden önce klinik, obstetrik risk faktörleri açısından mutlaka değerlendirilmelidir. Ayrıca egzersiz sırasında dikkat etmesi gereken hususlar ve egzersizi sonlandırması gereken durumlar hakkında bilgilendirilmelidir. Önceki gebeliklerde preterm doğum öyküsü veya şimdiki gebeliğinde preterm doğum riskinin bulunması, intrauterin büyüme geriliği, plasenta previa, servikal yetersizlik, erken membran rüptürü, devam eden 2 ve 3. trimester kanamaları, gebeliğin indüklediği hipertansiyon veya preeklampsi, ciddi kardiyovasküler, respiratuar hastalıklar gebelikte egzersizin mutlak kontraendikasyonlarıdır. Egzersiz esnasında baş ağrısı, göğüs ağrısı, nefes darlığı, uterin kontraksiyonun başlaması, amniyon sıvısının gelişi veya vajinal kanama durumlarında egzersiz sonlandırılmalıdır. Bu derlemede, egzersizin gebelik sürecindeki olumlu etkilerinin, gebelik sırasında önerilen egzersiz türlerinin, egzersizin kontraendike olduğu klinik durumların ve egzersiz esnasında dikkat edilecek hususların literatür eşliğinde incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
ABSTRACT
Various changes and adaptation mechanisms develop in many systems, including the musculoskeletal system, in pregnancy. During this adaptation process, many musculoskeletal problems and pain complaints can be observed. Appropriate duration, intensity, and type of exercise during pregnancy are known to have several favorable physiological and psychological effects. Aerobic exercises such as walking, stationary bike riding, and swimming that do not cause trauma or balance loss problems are some of the recommended exercises. Before pregnant women are directed to exercise, they should be evaluated in terms of clinical and obstetric risk factors. In addition, they should be informed about the points to be considered during the exercise and the situations in which they should terminate the exercise. History of preterm birth in previous pregnancies or risk of preterm birth in the current pregnancy, intrauterine growth retardation, placenta previa, cervical insufficiency, premature rupture of membranes, ongoing 2nd and 3rd trimester bleeding, pregnancy-induced hypertension or preeclampsia, serious cardiovascular, respiratory diseases are absolute contraindications. Exercise should be terminated in case of headache, chest pain, shortness of breath, initiation of uterine contraction, the arrival of amniotic fluid or vaginal bleeding during exercise. The aim of the current article was to review the positive effects of exercise during pregnancy, the types of exercise recommended during pregnancy, the clinical situations in which exercise is contraindicated, and the points to be considered during exercise.
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