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ORIJINAL ARAŞTIRMA

COVID-19 Geçiren Romatizmal Hastalarda D Vitamini Düzeyinin Hastalık Şiddeti Üzerine Etkisi
The Effect of Vitamin D on Disease Severity in Rheumatic Patients with COVID-19
Received Date : 04 Feb 2022
Accepted Date : 19 Dec 2022
Available Online : 23 Dec 2022
Doi: 10.31609/jpmrs.2022-88714 - Makale Dili: EN
J PMR Sci. 2023;26(1):27-35
ÖZET
Amaç: D vitamini düzeylerinin koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 (COVID-19) ile romatizmal hastalıklar üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif çalışmada, hasta dosyalarından ve elektronik platformlardan yaş, cinsiyet, romatizmal hastalık süresi, kullanılan ilaçlar, COVID-19 semptomları, hastaneye yatış, oksijen kullanımı, yoğun bakım takibi, sedimantasyon, C-reaktif protein ve D vitamini seviyeleri elde edildi. D vitamini düzeyi düşük olan ve olmayan hastaların verileri t-testi ve Mann-Whitney U testi kullanılarak karşılaştırıldı. Kategorik veriler için X² testi, hastaneye yatışı etkileyen risk faktörlerini belirlemek için ikili lojistik regresyon analizi yapıldı. Bulgular: Bu çalışmaya toplam 121 (101 kadın) hasta dâhil edildi. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 49,08±11,72, beden kitle indeksi (BKİ) (kg/m²) 30,27±6,52, D vitamini 23,27±10,15 idi. Hastaların %80,1’inin (97) ayaktan izlendiği, %19,9’unun (21) hastaneye yatırıldığı ve %5’inin (6) yoğun bakıma yattığı belirlendi. Hastaların %35,5’inde (43) D vitamini eksikliği saptandı. D vitamini eksikliği olanlarda, olmayanlara kıyasla önemli ölçüde daha kısa romatizmal hastalık süresi, daha genç yaş ve astım tanısı vardı (tümü p<0,05). Ayrıca diabetes mellitus, spondiloartrit (SpA) tanısı ve yüksek BKİ’ye sahip olmak hastaneye yatışı etkileyen en güçlü risk faktörleriydi. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, COVID-19’lu ve D vitamini düzeyi düşük olan hastaların daha genç olduğunu ve daha kısa romatizmal hastalık süresine ve astım tanısına sahip olduğunu gösterdi. En önemlisi, diabetes mellitus, SpA tanısı ve BKİ, hastaneye yatış için en yüksek bağımsız risk faktörleriydi.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the effect of vitamin D levels on rheumatic diseases after coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Material and Methods: In this retrospective study, age, gender, duration of rheumatic disease, medications used, COVID-19 symptoms, hospitalization, oxygen use, intensive care report, sedimentation, C-reactive protein, and vitamin D levels were obtained from patient files and electronic platforms. The data of patients with low vitamin D levels and without were compared using the ttest and Mann-Whitney U test. X2 test was used for categorical data and binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors affecting hospitalization. Results: A total of 121 (101 women) patients were included in this study. The mean age of the patients was 49.08±11.72 years, body mass index (BMI) (kg/m²) 30.27±6.52, and vitamin D 23.27±10.15. It was determined that 80.1% (97) of the patients were followed up outpatient, 19.9% (21) were hospitalized and 5% (6) were admitted to the intensive care unit. Vitamin D deficiency was detected in 35.5% (43) of the patients. Those with vitamin D deficiency had a significantly shorter rheumatic disease duration, younger age, and a diagnosis of asthma compared to those without (all p<0.05). In addition, diabetes mellitus, spondyloarthritis (SpA) diagnosis, and BMI were the most consistent risk factors affecting hospitalization. Conclusion: This study showed that patients with COVID-19 who had low vitamin D levels were younger and had a shorter rheumatic disease duration and asthma diagnosis. Most importantly, diabetes mellitus, SpA diagnosis, and BMI were the highest independent risk factors for hospitalization.
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