ORIJINAL ARAŞTIRMA
Beyin Hasarlı Hasta Bakımında, Hastaya Yakınlık Derecesinin Bakıcının Anksiyete, Depresyon, Yaşam Kalitesi Düzeyleri ile İlişkisi
Mental Health and Quality of Life Differences Between the Family Members and Paid Caregivers in Brain Injury
Received Date : 09 Apr 2019
Accepted Date : 21 Aug 2019
Available Online : 03 Oct 2019
Emre ATAa, Emre ADIGÜZELb, Sezer KİRAZc, Murat KÖSEMd, Evren YAŞARb
aDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and
Research Hospital,
bClinic of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences Gaziler Rehabilitation Hospital, İstanbul, TURKEY
cClinic of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Balıkesir Atatürk City Hospital, Balıkesir, TURKEY
dClinic of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Yüksekova State Hospital, Hakkari, TURKEY
Doi: 10.31609/jpmrs.2019-66415 - Makale Dili: EN
J PMR Sci. 2019;22(3):85-91
ÖZET
Amaç: Bu çalışmada inme veya travmaya bağlı beyin hasarlı hastaların bakıcılarının fiziksel,
psikolojik etkilenimleri ve yaşam kalitesi düzeyleri değerlendirilerek; etkilenim düzeyinde aileden
biri olan bakıcılarla ücret karşılığı bakıcılık yapanlar arasındaki fark vurgulanmıştır. Gereç
ve Yöntemler: Kesitsel olarak planlanan bu çalışmaya 54 hasta bakıcısı dahil edildi. Bakıcılar, akraba
grubu (n=43) ve paralı bakıcılar (n=11) olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. Bakıcı ve hastaların temel karakteristik
özellikleri kaydedildi. Tüm bakıcılar Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği (HADS)
ile Kısa Form-36 (SF-36) anketini doldurdu. Bulgular: Bakım süresi açısından gruplar arasında istatistiksel
olarak anlamlı fark vardı. Paralı bakıcı grubunda, hasta yaşı diğer gruptaki hasta yaşından
anlamlı olarak daha fazlaydı (p<0,001). Gruplar arasında cinsiyet açısından farklılık saptandı
(p=0,001). Etiyoloji, hastalık süresi, afazi varlığı, disfaji, beslenme tipi, üriner inkontinans, işeme
tipi, ambulasyon seviyesi açısından gruplar arasında farklılık saptanmadı. HADS anketinin hem
anksiyete hem de depresyon puanları, aileden olan bakıcı grubunda anlamlı olarak yüksekti. SF-
36 anketinin sosyal fonksiyon, fiziksel problemler nedeniyle olan kısıtlanma, emosyonel problemler
nedeniyle olan kısıtlanma, enerji, vücut ağrısı ve genel sağlık algısı alt parametreleri, aileden
olan bakıcı grubunda anlamlı olarak düşüktü. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, aileden biri olan bakıcılarla
ücret karşılığı bakıcılık yapanlar arasındaki fark vurgulanmıştır. Bakıcı aileden birisi ise etkilenim
daha fazla olmaktadır ve hastanın özürlülük derecesi ile orantılı şekilde artmaktadır. Rehabilitasyon
sürecinin olumsuz etkilenmemesi için, bakıcıların rehabilitasyonun önemli bir parçası olduğu
unutulmamalıdır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Beyin hasarı; bakıcı; yaşam kalitesi; depresyon; anksiyete
ABSTRACT
Objective: In this study, physical, psychological effects and quality of life of caregivers
of patients with brain injury due to stroke or trauma were evaluated; and the difference between
the family members as caregivers and the paid caregivers were highlighted. Material and
Methods: Fifty-four caregivers of patients were included in this cross-sectional study. Caregivers
were grouped as relative group (n=43) and self-employed/employed group (n=11). Main characteristics
of caregivers and patients were recorded. All caregivers completed Hospital Anxiety and
Depression Scale (HADS) and Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaires. Results: There was a statistically
significant difference between the groups with regard to caregiving duration. In self-employed/
employed group, patients were significantly older than another group (p<0.001). Gender
distribution was significantly different between groups (p=0.001). Etiology, disease duration, presence
of aphasia, dysphagia, feeding type, urinary incontinence, urination type and ambulation
levels were similar in groups. Both anxiety and depression scores of HADS questionnaire were
significantly higher in relative group. Social functioning, physical role limitation, emotional role
limitation, energy, pain, and general health domains of SF-36 questionnaire were significantly
lower in relative group. Conclusion: In this study, the difference between the family members as
caregivers and the paid caregivers were highlighted. The affection is more, if the caregiver is a
family member, and it increases in proportion to the degree of disability of the patient. It should
be noted that the caregivers are an important part of rehabilitation in order not to adversely affect
the rehabilitation process.
Keywords: Brain injuries; caregivers; quality of life; depression; anxiety
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